{"id":16771,"date":"2020-08-15T11:46:43","date_gmt":"2020-08-15T09:46:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rertech.it\/?p=16771"},"modified":"2022-08-29T17:41:57","modified_gmt":"2022-08-29T15:41:57","slug":"fttx-broadband-architecture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rertech.it\/en\/2020\/08\/15\/fttx-architettura-banda-larga\/","title":{"rendered":"FTTx broadband architecture"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>FTTx<\/b>&nbsp;it is the acronym of the English expression&nbsp;<i><b>Fiber to the x<\/b><\/i>&nbsp;which indicates a broadband physical layer telecommunications network architecture using optical fiber as the transmission medium to completely or partially replace the traditional metal (usually copper twisted pair) local access network used for the last mile of telecommunications.<\/p>\n<p>This network infrastructure would allow the creation of the so-called&nbsp;<i>Next Generation Network<\/i>&nbsp;(NGN-NGAN) characterized by significantly higher transmission speeds for the benefit of the end user. The acronym &quot;universal&quot; (ending in&nbsp;<i>x<\/i>) was born as a generalization of the various names for possible fiber distribution configurations: FTTN, FTTC, FTTB, FTTH, FTTW, FTTR, etc. The basic term FTT is differentiated by the last letter, which becomes \u201cx\u201d in the most general meaning\u2026<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Definizione_dei_termini\" class=\"mw-headline\">definition of terms<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In the telecommunications field, the term is differentiated to indicate different configurations. The most common terms today are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>FTTN \u2013&nbsp;<i>Fiber-to-the-node<\/i>&nbsp;or even&nbsp;<i>Fiber-to-the-Exchange<\/i>&nbsp;(FTTE) (literally \u201cfiber to the node\u201d or \u201cfiber to the exchange\u201d): the fiber optic connection arrives in an external cabin several kilometers away from the customer&#039;s premises, typically up to the Line Stage of the telephone network, while the final connection remains on copper wire.<\/li>\n<li>FTTC or FTTS \u2013&nbsp;<i>Fiber-to-the-cabinet<\/i>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<i>Fiber-to-the-curb<\/i>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<i>Fiber to the Street<\/i>&nbsp;(literally \u201cfiber to the cabinet\u201d or \u201cfiber to the curb\u201d): the connection (very similar to FTTN), arrives in an external cabin very close to the user&#039;s premises or to the next distribution cabinet, typically within 300 meters.<\/li>\n<li>FTTB \u2013&nbsp;<i>Fiber-to-the-building<\/i>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<i>Fiber-to-the-basement<\/i>&nbsp;(literally \u201cfiber to the building\u201d or \u201cfiber to the foundations\u201d): the fiber optic connection reaches the edge of the building or terraced house, for example up to the basement or garages for one or more housing units (apartments or villas), while the final connection with the apartment remains on copper wire or with polymer fiber optic cabling and Ethernet technology.<\/li>\n<li>FTTH \u2013&nbsp;<i>Fiber-to-the-home<\/i>&nbsp;(literally &quot;fiber to the home&quot;): the fiber optic connection reaches the individual dwelling unit, for example, a box on the wall of a house. It is the most expensive solution, but also the longest-term investment that guarantees maximum transmission speed to the end user in anticipation of more advanced network services.<\/li>\n<li>FTTP \u2013&nbsp;<i>Fiber-to-the-premises<\/i>&nbsp;(literally \u201cfiber to the premises\u201d<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup>: a generic term used in various contexts in place of FTTH or FTTB. Fiber optic connections reach both residential homes and small business buildings (typically shops).<\/li>\n<li>FTTW or FTTR \u2013 Fiber-to-the-Wireless or Fiber-to-the-Radio (literally &quot;fiber to the radio base station&quot;), the fiber reaches a radio link, also called a BTS, and is received by an antenna on the building&#039;s roof; this technology is often used to bring fiber optics to places that cannot be reached by cable\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Architettura\" class=\"mw-headline\">architecture<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The proposed architectural models for a fiber optic access network to the user (FTTH) are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>PTP (<i>point to point<\/i>) i.e. point-to-point architecture from the exchange to the user: it is the most expensive solution<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><\/sup>, but also the most efficient and the one that guarantees greater control by the operator, having a dedicated optical line from the control panel to the user; it is usually the option chosen by companies, public bodies, and any other structures with professional needs.<\/li>\n<li>AON (<i>active optical network<\/i>), architecture with a shared connection between all users up to an active node that selectively distributes traffic (switching) to the various end users and vice versa receives traffic from these and multiplexes them on the shared connection up to the exchange.<\/li>\n<li>PON (<i>passive optical network<\/i>), passive optical networks in which the connection&nbsp;<i>point to point<\/i>&nbsp;up to the user is carried out a few dozen meters from the building at the distributor, thanks to a&nbsp;<i>splitter<\/i>&nbsp;passive optical signal transmitting in mode&nbsp;<i>broadcast<\/i>&nbsp;towards the users, and to TDM\/TDMA type multiplexing and multiple access techniques on the fibre communication channel common to all users from the concentrator point towards the exchange, using the optical band in the second and third transmission windows (1310 nm and 1550 nm) respectively for&nbsp;<i>upload<\/i>&nbsp;And&nbsp;<i>download<\/i>. Solutions in WDM technology with even higher capacities are also possible which assign a pair of frequencies, one for the\u2019<i>upload<\/i>&nbsp;and one for the&nbsp;<i>download<\/i>, for each end user. It is a cheaper solution, but generally a little less performing, still capable of reaching 2.5 Gbit\/s with the GPON standard; it is not well regarded by some operators as it does not guarantee direct control of the line up to the user (<i>unbundling<\/i>) this being possibly shared with other operators in the section&nbsp;<i>splitter<\/i>-central\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>https:\/\/rertech.it\/fibra-ottica\/brevi-cenni-sulla-fibra-ottica\/<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>FTTx is the acronym for Fiber to the X, which refers to a broadband physical layer telecommunications network architecture using optical fiber as a transmission medium to completely or partially replace the traditional metal-based local access network (usually copper twisted pair) used for the last mile of telecommunications. This network infrastructure would enable the creation of so-called Next Generation Networks (NGN-NGAN), characterized by significantly higher transmission speeds for the benefit of end users.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1707,"featured_media":28663,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[319,318,320],"class_list":["post-16771","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fibra-ottica","tag-fiber-to-the-x","tag-ftth","tag-network"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.8 (Yoast SEO v28.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>FTTx architettura banda larga | Rertech<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"FTTx\u00a0\u00e8 l&#039;acronimo\u00a0della locuzione inglese\u00a0Fiber to the x\u00a0che indica 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